חזק ואמץ — Be strong and courageous

The Common Man's Commentary

Joshua Chapter 1: Grab the Gift

Study the calling of Y'hoshua to lead Israel into the Promised Land. Explore covenant inheritance, courage, Torah, faithful leadership, and the promise that ADONAI is with His people.

Joshua’s Hebrew name, Y'hoshua, carries the meaning “The LORD is salvation.”

The call to lead

Grab the Gift

In our study of Joshua Chapter 1, we will see the call on this leader’s life to seize the gift that God had promised. We will see what our “promised land” is and the battle plan for grabbing hold of it.

Joshua Chapter 1 marks one of the most significant leadership transitions in Scripture. After the death of Moshe, ADONAI commissions Y'hoshua to lead the people of Isra'el across the Jordan River and into the land He promised to Avraham, Yitz'chak, and Ya'akov.

  • God reaffirms His covenant promises to Israel.
  • Joshua is commanded to be strong, courageous, and faithful.
  • True success comes through meditating on and walking in God’s instruction.

Historical Background for Joshua Chapter 1

Historical Background

Joshua Chapter 1 opens at one of the greatest transition points in the Bible. Moses, who had led Israel out of Egypt, received the Torah at Mount Sinai, and guided the nation for forty years in the wilderness, has died. The generation that left Egypt had largely passed away because of their unbelief (Numbers 14), and a new generation now stood on the eastern side of the Jordan River ready to enter the Promised Land.

Joshua had served as Moses’ assistant for many years. He witnessed the plagues in Egypt, crossed the Red Sea, climbed partway up Mount Sinai with Moses, and was one of only two spies who trusted God’s promise that Israel could conquer Canaan. Because of his faithfulness, God chose him to lead Israel into the land promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

The book begins at the Plains of Moab, just east of the Jordan River. From there, Israel could look across the river toward Jericho, the first fortified city they would encounter. The conquest of Canaan would not simply be a military campaign but the fulfillment of God’s covenant promises made centuries earlier.

Joshua Chapter One

Courage, Torah, Inheritance, and God’s Presence

Joshua 1 introduces the new leader of Israel, reaffirms God’s covenant promise, calls God’s people to courage and obedience, and teaches that true success is rooted in God’s presence and instruction.

Translation note: Scripture quotations in this study are from the Complete Jewish Bible (CJB). The commentary explores the biblical text, Hebrew word background, and its connection to the larger story of Scripture.

Joshua Chapter 1 Verse-by-Verse Commentary

Joshua 1:1

After the death of Moshe the servant of ADONAI, ADONAI said to Y'hoshua the son of Nun, Moshe's assistant,

We begin with an introduction to Israel’s new leader Joshua. His name means “Jehovah is salvation” and it is the same word as “Jesus” in the New Testament. He was born a slave in Egypt and was an aide to Moshe as they left. He was chosen by God to replace Moshe as the leader of His people.

We notice that Moses is referred to as the servant of God and Joshua is referred to as the assistant of Moses, and this reminds us that Moses recognized the authority of God over his life while Joshua recognized the God-given authority of Moses.

Hebrew Word: Joshua 1:1
יהושע Y'hoshua The LORD is salvation; the same name rendered as Jesus in the Greek New Testament.

Joshua 1:2–5

“Moshe my servant is dead. So now, get up and cross over this Yarden, you and all the people, to the land I am giving to them, the people of Isra'el. I am giving you every place you will step on with the sole of your foot, as I said to Moshe. All the land from the desert and the L'vanon to the great river, the Euphrates River - all the land of the Hitti - and on to the Great Sea in the west will be your territory. No one will be able to withstand you as long as you live. Just as I was with Moshe, so I will be with you. I will neither fail you nor abandon you.”

We see that the death of Moses brings about a transition in the life of Joshua as God commissions him as the next leader of Israel. There is a sense of urgency as he is called to go and take the land that God was giving them and he was assured that he would be able to take all that was promised.

Just as Moses had crossed the Red Sea with the people, Joshua was told to lead the people as they cross the Jordan River. This passing through the water is symbolic of our baptism when we come to faith in Yeshua Messiah and, when we come to faith in Yeshua, we also become heirs of the land that God gave to Israel.

Hebrew Word: Joshua 1:2
הירדן HaYarden The Jordan; from a root meaning “to descend,” the river Israel crosses to enter the land.

Joshua 1:6

“Be strong, be bold; for you will cause this people to inherit the land I swore to their fathers I would give them.”

He was reminded of the fact that God was just keeping the promise that He had originally made to Avraham. We, too, can be strong and courageous as we know that Yeshua promised that He would never leave or forsake us as we grab hold of our inheritance on this earth.

Joshua 1:7–9

“Only be strong and very bold in taking care to follow all the Torah which Moshe my servant ordered you to follow; do not turn from it either to the right or to the left; then you will succeed wherever you go. Yes, keep this book of the Torah on your lips, and meditate on it day and night, so that you will take care to act according to everything written in it. Then your undertakings will prosper, and you will succeed. Haven't I ordered you, ‘Be strong, be bold’? So don't be afraid or downhearted, because ADONAI your God is with you wherever you go.”

The Lord tells him to be strong and courageous twice more and assures him that, if he follows the ways prescribed by God, the Law, he will be successful. As the soldier was getting ready to go into battle, God was reminding him that He would always be there with him.

This is very similar to what Yeshua told the disciples in the Great Commission where He said that He would be with them, and us, until the very end of the age. Our Christian walk is a fight as it seems that there are enemies of the gospel on every side but, like Joshua, we can be assured that Yeshua is in the battle with us.

Hebrew Word: Joshua 1:8
תורה Torah From a root meaning “to teach” or “instruct”; closer to instruction than the narrower English word “law.”

Joshua 1:10–11

Y'hoshua instructed the officials of the people to go through the camp and order the people, “Prepare provisions, because in three days you will cross this Yarden to go in and take possession of the land ADONAI your God is giving you.”

Why did they wait three days to enter the land? They were to get their things ready but this was also a time to count the cost of listening to the Lord. Grabbing the gift was not going to be easy as there were many battles to come.

Yeshua described the same thing when He was teaching the people about the cost of being a disciple. When we come to Yeshua Messiah for salvation, we must also understand that we are going to face many battles as well. There will be internal battles with our own flesh and desires but there will also be external opposition from those who do not know the Lord.

Joshua 1:12–15

To the Re'uveni, the Gadi and the half-tribe of M'nasheh Y'hoshua said, “Remember what Moshe the servant of ADONAI ordered you: ‘ADONAI your God has let you rest and will give you this land.’ Your wives, your little ones and your livestock will stay in the land Moshe gave you on the east side of the Yarden; but you are to cross over armed as a fighting force ahead of your brothers, to help them; until ADONAI allows your brothers to rest, as he has allowed you; and they too have taken possession of the land ADONAI your God is giving them. At that point, you will return to the land which is yours and possess it, the land Moshe the servant of ADONAI gave you in 'Ever-HaYarden to the east, toward the sunrise.”

These two and a half tribes had been given land on the east side of the Jordan River but were to go ahead of the rest of Israel into the battle for the promised land. This reminds us of the fact that we are to tell people of the way of salvation. Then, we are to build them up in the faith so that they can grab onto the life that God has promised them.

We see that they were to be armed for battle and that is a reminder that the devil does not want Israel to be in the land and he does not want us to be walking with the Lord.

Joshua 1:16–18

They answered Y'hoshua, “We will do everything you have ordered us to do, and we will go wherever you send us. Just as we listened to everything Moshe said, so will we listen to you. Only may ADONAI your God be with you as he was with Moshe. If anyone rebels against your order and doesn't heed what you say in every detail of your order, he will be put to death. Just be strong, be bold!”

The people pledged to follow the instructions of Joshua because they knew that he was put into his position by God. He did not go to some leadership training course or get a college degree but was simply chosen and equipped by God.

Hebrew context

Key Hebrew Words in Joshua Chapter 1

These terms highlight key themes in the chapter: salvation, courage, covenant instruction, inheritance, and God’s faithful presence.

Joshua 1:1

יהושע

Y'hoshua

The LORD Is Salvation

Joshua’s name carries the meaning “The LORD is salvation.” The shortened form, Yeshua, connects the name of Joshua to the name of Jesus the Messiah.

Joshua 1:2

הירדן

HaYarden

The Jordan River

Israel is commanded to cross the Jordan River and enter the land God promised. The crossing marks a transition from wilderness wandering to covenant inheritance.

Joshua 1:6–9

חזק ואמץ

Chazak Ve'amatz

Be Strong and Courageous

God repeatedly calls Joshua to strength and courage. The chapter grounds courage not in human ability but in God’s promise, instruction, and presence.

Joshua 1:7–8

תורה

Torah

Instruction or Teaching

Torah refers to God’s instruction. Joshua is commanded to keep it on his lips, meditate on it day and night, and walk according to it.

Joshua 1:6

נחלה

Nachalah

Inheritance

Israel’s possession of the Promised Land is framed as an inheritance—the fulfillment of God’s covenant promise to the fathers.

Joshua 1:5 and 9

עמך

Immakh

With You

God promises Joshua, “I will be with you.” His abiding presence is the foundation for leadership, obedience, and courage.

Messianic Themes in Joshua Chapter 1

Messianic Themes

A Greater Joshua

Although Joshua Chapter 1 focuses on the commissioning of Y'hoshua as Israel’s new leader, it also contains themes that find their ultimate fulfillment in Yeshua the Messiah. Joshua’s Hebrew name, Y'hoshua, means “The LORD is salvation.” The shortened Hebrew form of this name is Yeshua, the name by which Jesus was known during His earthly ministry. This shared name reminds us that Joshua was used by God to foreshadow the greater salvation that would come through the Messiah.

God’s Presence

Three times in this chapter Joshua is commanded to be strong and courageous because ADONAI promised, “I will be with you.” God’s presence—not Joshua’s military ability—was the source of his confidence. This same promise echoes throughout Scripture and reaches its fullest expression when Messiah promises to remain with His disciples always, even to the end of the age.

Walking in God’s Instruction

Joshua was instructed to meditate on the Torah day and night and to walk faithfully according to God’s instruction. Likewise, followers of Messiah are called to delight in God’s Word, allowing it to shape their minds and actions. Obedience does not earn salvation, but it is the natural response of those who belong to God.

Crossing Into the Promise

Israel stood at the edge of the Jordan River, preparing to enter the inheritance God had promised generations earlier. For believers, this moment serves as a picture of living by faith. Just as Israel had to trust God’s promises before stepping into the land, followers of Yeshua are called to trust God’s promises even when the path ahead is uncertain.

Take the study further

Reflect, Connect, and Continue

Use these study elements to think through Joshua 1, connect its themes to the wider story of Scripture, and consider where God is calling you to trust and obey.

Did You Know?

Prepared Through Faithful Service

Joshua is mentioned more than 200 times throughout Scripture. He first appears as a military commander, later becomes Moses’ closest assistant, serves as one of the twelve spies, and eventually leads Israel into the Promised Land. His life demonstrates how God often prepares leaders through years of faithful service before giving them greater responsibility.

Key Takeaway

God’s Faithfulness Produces Courage

Every command God gives Joshua is connected to one of His promises. God’s faithfulness becomes the foundation for Joshua’s courage, and that same principle continues to encourage believers today.

Questions for Reflection

Read through these questions after completing Joshua Chapter 1 on your own or with a group.

  1. How did Joshua’s years of serving Moses prepare him for leadership?
  2. What promises of God require faith before they become reality?
  3. How does Joshua point us toward Yeshua?
  4. Where is God asking you to trust Him today?

Continue in Joshua

Key Studies in the Book of Joshua

Continue through the book and follow Israel from the Jordan River into the land of promise, through battles, covenant renewal, inheritance, and faithful leadership.

JOSH 1

Courage and God’s Promise

Return to the opening chapter and study leadership, covenant inheritance, Torah, courage, and the promise of God’s presence.

Read Joshua 1
JOSH 2

Rahab and Faith

Continue with the story of Rahab, the spies, faith, protection, and God’s work in unexpected lives.

Read Joshua 2
JOSH 3

Crossing the Jordan

Study Israel’s crossing of the Jordan River and the call to move forward in faith as God makes a way.

Read Joshua 3
JOSH 6

Jericho and Obedience

Explore the fall of Jericho and the lesson that victory belongs to God as His people trust and obey Him.

Read Joshua 6

Verse-by-verse chapter studies

Read Through Joshua Chapter by Chapter

Select any chapter below to continue through the Book of Joshua. Follow the people of Israel from preparation at the Jordan River, into the land God promised, through battles, boundaries, inheritance, and covenant renewal.

Joshua Chapter 1 is the present study. Continue in order or choose a chapter that fits your current Bible study, group discussion, or teaching preparation.

Joshua Chapter Directory

Continue to Chapter 2 to study Rahab, the spies, faith, and preparation for Israel’s entrance into the Promised Land.

Continue the Bible's story

Connect Joshua to the Gospel

Joshua belongs to the larger biblical story of covenant, promise, deliverance, inheritance, faithful leadership, and salvation through Messiah.

Covenant promise

From Abraham to the Land

Return to Genesis and study the covenant promise of blessing and inheritance that stands behind Israel’s entrance into the land.

Study Genesis 12

Deliverance and leadership

From Moses to Joshua

Continue into Exodus and study God’s deliverance, covenant, instruction, and presence with Israel before Joshua’s leadership begins.

Study Exodus

The greater rest

From Joshua to Messiah

Continue into Hebrews and consider the greater rest, faith, covenant, and perseverance offered through Jesus the Messiah.

Study Hebrews 4

Faith and courage

Trusting God’s Promise

Study the faith of Abraham and consider the biblical pattern of trusting God’s promise before seeing its full fulfillment.

Study Genesis 15

Life in Messiah

Faithful Living and Spiritual Battle

Continue into Ephesians and study grace, identity in Christ, faithful living, and the armor of God.

Study Ephesians 6

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Be Strong, Be Courageous, and Walk in God’s Promise

Continue through the Book of Joshua, explore the Hebrew Scriptures, and grow in your understanding of God’s covenant faithfulness and salvation through Yeshua Messiah.